Kishkumen wrote:Surely it is conceivable that one could accuse the man who married some 30 odd women, some of them teenagers, some sisters, and some already married, of being "addicted to vice."
An honest mistake, perhaps. But even Brodie recognized, as MCB pointed out a few weeks ago, that "Joseph was no careless libertine...there was too much of the Puritan in him."
Joseph was not blasé about issues of sexual morality. He worried about committing adultery by undertaking polygamy (see D&C 132:41). After all, he had recorded numerous revelations condemning extra-marital sexual relations:
- D&C 42:22-24 (February 1831)
22 Thou shalt love thy wife with all thy heart, and shalt cleave unto her and none else. 23 And he that looketh upon a woman to lust after her shall deny the faith, and shall not have the Spirit; and if he repents not he shall be cast out. 24 Thou shalt not commit adultery; and he that committeth adultery, and repenteth not, shall be cast out.
- D&C 42:80 (February 1831)
80 And if any man or woman shall commit adultery, he or she shall be tried before two elders of the church, or more, and every word shall be established against him or her by two witnesses of the church, and not of the enemy; but if there are more than two witnesses it is better.
- D&C 59:6 (August 1831)
6 Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. Thou shalt not steal; neither commit adultery, nor kill, nor do anything like unto it.
- D&C 63:14-16 (August 1831)
14 There were among you adulterers and adulteresses; some of whom have turned away from you, and others remain with you that hereafter shall be revealed. 15 Let such beware and repent speedily, lest judgment shall come upon them as a snare, and their folly shall be made manifest, and their works shall follow them in the eyes of the people. 16 And verily I say unto you, as I have said before, he that looketh on a woman to lust after her, or if any shall commit adultery in their hearts, they shall not have the Spirit, but shall deny the faith and shall fear.
- D&C 66:10 (October 1831)
10 Commit not adultery...
- D&C 76:103-106 (February 1832)
103 These are they who are liars, and sorcerers, and adulterers, and whoremongers, and whosoever loves and makes a lie. 104 These are they who suffer the wrath of God on earth. 105 These are they who suffer the vengeance of eternal fire. 106 These are they who are cast down to hell and suffer the wrath of Almighty God, until the fulness of times, when Christ shall have subdued all enemies under his feet, and shall have perfected his work.
- D&C 88:121 (December 1832)
121 Therefore, cease from all your light speeches, from all laughter, from all your lustful desires, from all your pride and light-mindeness, and from all your wicked doings.
- D&C 93:35 (May 1833)
35 ...man is the tabernacle of God, even temples; and whatsoever temple is defiled, God shall destroy that temple.
Interestingly, none of the women who actually married Joseph Smith ever denounced him or accused him of impropriety. They do not seem to have regarded his behavior toward them as incompatible with his divine calling.
Joseph Smith, it should be remembered, was—like Jesus—a millenarian prophet. They do things differently. Discussing Jewish messianic movements, Gershom Scholem noted: "There seems to be an intrinsic connection between active messianism and the courage for religious innovation."
New Testament scholar Dale Allison further observes that, "in breaking with traditional customs and values, millenarian groups—like sectarian movements generally—often replace familial and social bonds with fictive kin....'the break with ancient custom' helps weld 'devotees together in a new fraternity of people.'" "Millenarian leaders regularly mediate the sacred through new channels..."
"Millenarianism involves intense commitment and unconditional loyalty..." (see Dale C. Allison,
Jesus of Nazareth: Millenarian Prophet [Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1998], 87–89).
Joseph Smith's unorthodox marriage practice—like Jesus'—fits within this broader context.
So
here's to the crazy ones.