Aristotle Smith wrote:Actually, I think we are both wrong. All of those points you raised are valid, but completely irrelevant in terms of the 3rd and 4th centuries CE when the debates were taking place. I was wrong to point to the 1st century as being a time when Jews were completely monotheistic. The debates took place in a time period when Judaism was strictly monotheistic, and the Old Testament was seen as completely supporting that proposition.
I would say in the third and fourth centuries the Hebrew Bible was being read as supportive of Trinitarianism, and this was largely a result of the art of allegorical interpretation and the the preeminence of the Septuagint among Christians. We have Origen and others asserting that the Hebrew tradition was being changed to mitigate Christian ideologies. The Septuagint was viewed as a thoroughly Christian version, and it was likely for this reason that rabbinic writings are largely opposed to its proliferation. We have to wait until Jerome and his Hebrew veritas before Christianity acknowledged the priority of the Hebrew.
Aristotle Smith wrote:In any case the debate was an attempt to connect the three divine persons in the New Testament with Jewish monotheism. See Jaroslav Pelikan, The Emergence of the Catholic Tradition, chapter 4 for a more detailed analysis of the question.
By the third and fourth centuries I believe it's clear the concern was less with connecting the Trinity with Jewish monotheism as with arriving at a consensus that could be reconciled with the now-appropriated Old Testament, the New Testament, and a philosophical worldview. By this point, Judaism had been long jettisoned. I'll happily take a look at that book, though.
Aristotle Smith wrote:I'm not talking about Christological debates, I'm talking about Trinitarian debates.
Trinitarianism is an outgrowth of the christological debates.
Aristotle Smith wrote:Jaroslav Pelikan, Chapter 4, "The Mystery of the Trinity wrote:The climax of the doctrinal development of the early church was the dogma of the Trinity. In this dogma the church vindicated the monotheism that had been at issue in its conflicts with Judaism, and it came to terms with the concept of the Logos, over which it had disputed with paganism
I don't agree with this statement. The notion of the Trinity did not assuage the Jewish criticisms of Christ's veneration, nor did it really change anything in the minds of Christians. They believed they were right and the Jews were wrong before, during, and after the christological debates. The controversy that led to the Trinity was an internal one, not an external one. The Old Testament had been quite fully appropriated by Christianity by this time. They weren't concerned with Judaism, they were concerned with harmony with their own scriptures.
Aristotle Smith wrote:I have no idea why you are bringin up the filioque question, as is centuries remove from all of this. As for the other stuff, there is an ontological component to the debate. I see the ontology as being motivated by the hermeneutical issue of interpreting the New Testament and the Old Testament together. So while I know what the arguments involved, I'm focusing on a particular motivation for the arguments.
The word was added to the creed in the sixth century. It is quite removed from Nicea, but it is still a part of the christological debates. I agree that the harmony of the Old Testament with the New and with Trinitarianism was a motivating factor, but I don't believe that by this time the Old Testament was viewed as a distinctly Jewish document. It had been firmly taken over by Christianity. To them, the Jews had been misunderstanding their own Bible for centuries anyway. They viewed it as a uniquely Christian document.
Aristotle Smith wrote:Yes, the Mormon approach is unique and original.
Yes, the "Mormon approach" is, by definition, unique to Mormonism, but that's not what you said. You said:
The Mormon strategy is an attempt to get behind the Jewish belief to an earlier belief. This makes sense for Mormons because the Mosaic law is seen as a "lesser law" and the Jews a people with "lesser light and knowledge.
This strategy is not a uniquely Mormon approach. This is a very general description of an approach that describes the Patristic worldview just as well as it describes the Mormon worldview. In your follow up you provide a different description that moves away from the Patristic approach and is more characteristic of the uniquely Mormon approach, but the early church fathers asserted the Mosaic law was a lesser law and the Jews were a people with lesser light and knowledge well before the Mormon church was established. They also tried to get behind the Jewish belief to the beliefs espoused by the authors of the Hebrew Bible (or "an earlier belief"). This is my point.
Aristotle Smith wrote:The Christian position is that God gave Moses the law and the law was good.
I would definitely hesitate to paint all of contemporary Christianity with such a wide brush. In the 19th century with Wellhausen, Kuenen, and others we have the notion that the Law was a legalistic step backward that was instituted by priests subsequent to the prophetic period. That worldview is still around, but there are a number of different interpretations of the value of the Law of Moses that go all the way back to the Patristic era.
Aristotle Smith wrote:There is no Jewish rejection of the gospel at the time of Moses. The gospel preached by Jesus is then seen as somehow going beyond the law. This has lead to shameful Christian supercessionist persecution. Both Mormons and Christians see themselves as in some way improving on the Mosaic law, but they get there by very different means, and that's the point I was making.
I don't find it helpful to speak of "Christians" as a monolithic group that stands opposite Mormonism. Mormonism has a unique interpretation here, no doubt, but the mainstream Christian perspective is hardly univocal.
Aristotle Smith wrote:I'm not arguing that. I'm simply pointing out that you find henoetheism in Genesis, I haven't said anything about Israelite or Judahite worship after Genesis but before the destruction of the second temple (taking my above clarification into account).
Then what does "pre-Mosaic" have to do with it?
Aristotle Smith wrote:And since the LDS church tries to go back as early as possible, it necessarily finds henotheism and runs with it.
It seems to me the history of that doctrine is a bit more complex.