Mary wrote:What strikes me about this is that there were actually no lions in the Americas at any time during the Book of Mormon period. So for Joseph to have used lions figuratively is anachronistic in my opinion. It makes no sense for him to have used them, it makes no sense for Jesus to have spoken to the Nephites about Lions, since they wouldn’t have been familiar with them, and it makes no sense for Mormon to have used them since he wouldn’t have known about them either.
Hi Mary,
You may already be aware of this, but three of your references from the Book of Mormon are quoting or paraphrasing Micah 5:8 (3 Ne. 20:16; 21:12; and Morm. 5:24) and a fourth is quoting Isaiah 5:29 (2 Ne.15:29).
That leaves two "anachronistic" references. And Runtu already anticipated the apologetic response. Brant Gardner comments as follows, regarding Mosiah 20:10: "What we probably have in this case is Joseph substituting a known animal (out of place) for an animal which was also a big cat. In other words, the underlying text would have been 'jaguar' but the translation would be 'lion.'"
The KJV translators did exactly the same sort of thing. See Isaiah 34:13, for example:
"And thorns shall come up in her palaces, nettles and brambles in the fortresses thereof: and it shall be an habitation of
dragons, and a court for
owls."
The NRSV provides a more accurate translation:
"Thorns shall grow over its strongholds, nettles and thistles in its fortresses. It shall be the haunt of
jackals, an abode for
ostriches."