Salutations my learned friends, curious and anonymous onlookers, and the Right Worshipfuls, the Worshipfuls, Wardens, and dearest Brethren, of Cassius University. I stand beneath the carved ouroboros of the Brutus Rectory, the storehouse of wandering souls, betwixt Poimandres and Hermes, and offer each of you embryonic divinities my sincere obeisance.

It has been a season since I’ve strolled the manicured grounds of my beloved Cassius University and I am delighted to see the Summer break is in full swing. Already I hear the soft murmurs of undergraduates diligently memorizing the formal definition of a tetracategory; I do believe they are already on the U₅ٖ₂ unit condition! And there are the sonorous performances of Donne’s ‘Death’s Duel’ in Western Farsi that hits the ear just so.
I have been away on business for the Borgesian Archives of Moral Science, visiting Universidad de Sevilla, carefully examining the known property of the prelate Juan de Zúñiga in a determined search for an early copy of ‘Introductiones latinae’ by Aelius Antonius Nebrissensis that I suspect contains important marginal notations. The former was once Grand Master of the Knights of Alcántara before becoming Archbishop of Seville and Nebrissensis enjoyed a productive 17 years under such sublime patronage.
On the transatlantic flight back from Andalusia I took the liberty of catching up with our Peterson Obsession Board and quickly found myself in Moksha’s thread whereupon I fell into a bit of melancholy. I’ve commented on Daniel’s abandonment of philosophy in the past and now I fear I’m watching his worldview collapse in real time. It is a common ailment you see in the works and life of the Mormon intelligentsia; a slow and meandering abandonment of the grand Western canon that inevitably ends in a lonesome coffin forged in Hamblinesque misery. Thankfully there is an antidote to such a state of affairs and if my dearest mentor Daniel cares a whit for our parasocial arrangement, he too might find something of probative value for his religious convictions.
As proper red blooded conservatives, Daniel and I don’t need to seek recourse at the National Review and we ought not to do so. Why not reach back into the history we both seek to carefully preserve and learn from those distant luminaries? Surely our predicament is not unique to us and once we experience what Edmund Wilson called “the shock of recognition”, it’ll become readily apparent that our struggles with the current Republican party are not bound to this contemporary age. If anything, our resolve will be fortified knowing we are merely being carried along the stream of history grappling with the moral laxity within our own ranks as all generations do.
And where do we native English speakers begin? We begin with John Milton’s ‘Areopagitica’:
The shade I seek to summon is none other than Marcus Tullius Cicero himself and that should come to little surprise to those of us with an actual gospel to proclaim. Strewn across various works Cicero can’t help but return to the theme that philosophy done properly animates one to a public life, albeit in very Roman terms.Areopagitica wrote:I grant that the behaviour of books, like that of men, must be watched. Books are not absolutely dead things; they have a potency of life in them to be as active as that soul was whose progeny they are. But then they are more than living; a good book is the precious life-blood of a master-spirit, embalmed and treasured up on purpose to a life beyond life.
I’ll start with ‘De natura deorum’ and pick a spot that will be very familiar to Daniel:
Much like Cicero, Daniel is fairly prolific and puts out a ream of digital material and like every writer who isn’t doomed to total obscurity, often finds himself misunderstood.De natura deorum wrote:Now, with regard to my own works, which within a short space of time I have put forth in considerable number, I notice that a good deal of comment of different kinds has been spreading, proceeding partly from those who wondered whence I had acquired this sudden enthusiasm for philosophy, and partly from those who wished to know what definite convictions I held upon particular points.
Far be it from me to behave as a fault-finder and I hope Daniel views this in the same friendly spirit as I offer it; seeking instruction from my mentor in all things Mopologetic.De natura deorum wrote:Well, upon these counts I can pacify friendly objectors and confute malignant fault-finders in a way which will make the latter repent of having taken me to task, and the former glad that they have learnt the truth, for those who admonish in a friendly spirit deserve to be instructed, while those who assail in an unfriendly spirit deserve to meet with a repulse.
Is this not reminiscent of Daniel? Having to justify his interests in topics like philosophy and science from the likes of us by insisting those have been lifelong pursuits and even name dropping luminaries to drive the point home. Yet, how do the precepts of philosophy have a bearing upon life, both public and private?De natura deorum wrote:Now I have not turned suddenly to philosophy, and from an early period of life I have expended no little attention and care upon that study, and when I seemed least devoted to it I was in reality most so. This is shown by the frequency with which the opinions of philosophers occur in my speeches, and by my friendship with the learned, an honour which my house has always enjoyed, and by the fact of such leading men as Diodotus, Philo, Antiochus and Posidonius having been my teachers. If, moreover, all the precepts of philosophy have a bearing upon life, I consider that both in my public and private capacity I have carried out what reason and principle prescribed.
To help answer that I’m going to switch over to ‘De oratore’ book 3 sec56:
The inheritance of wisdom received from the Greeks: thinking, speaking, and eloquence. As a fellow political conservative, does Daniel not not feel a burning bosom for our collective heritage? Are we not seeing the spoliation of this inheritance? Did we sell it for a pot of beans like so much Esau? Seeing the rise of Trumpism at the expense of sacred principles is more than enough to drive anyone into the self imposed a-politicalism I see on display at ‘Sic et non’.De oratore wrote:This faculty, I say, of thinking and speaking, this power of eloquence, the ancient Greeks named wisdom, as in Lycurgus, Pittacus and Solon; and, compared with them, our Coruncanius, Fabricius, Cato and Scipio were perhaps not so learned, but were certainly of a similar force and inclination of mind.
Nevertheless…
I must confess that I took a very similar path as Pythagoras, Democritus, and Anaxagoras in 2016. I simply removed myself from American politics and immersed myself amongst Milton’s master spirits. I was drawn back into politics when the Trump indictments came out and to my horror I saw the sad state of affairs we find ourselves in. It was truly a mistake on my part.De oratore wrote:Others, of equal ability, but of different attitude towards the pursuits of life, preferred ease and retirement, as Pythagoras, Democritus, Anaxagoras, and they transferred their attention entirely from civic affairs to the contemplation of nature; a mode of life which, on account of its tranquillity, and the pleasure derived from science, than which nothing is more delightful to mankind, attracted a greater number than was of advantage to the public interest.
I encourage Daniel to review these passages in the Latin in which they were lovingly preserved. You can get a sense of the folly of the sages Pythagoras, Democritus, and Anaxagoras who partook in the same prudentia as the vaunted statesmen and ancient lawgivers and yet squandered it. I think it would strike Daniel as terribly interesting when he would inevitably notice that in choosing prudentia over sapientia, something had gone awry.De oratore wrote:Accordingly, as men of the most excellent natural talents gave themselves up to that study, in the enjoyment of the greatest abundance of free and unoccupied time, so men of the greatest learning, blessed with excess of leisure and fertility of thought, imagined it their duty to make more things than were really necessary the objects of their attention, investigation, and inquiry.
Cicero himself telegraphs his intentions when he explains that the sages “transferred” their interests in the affairs of their fellow man to “to the contemplation of nature”. I loathe having to use scare quotes around the word transferred, but Cassius is home to a large contingent of faculty and students who assiduously study the Stoics and you really need to keep an eye on that verb transferre if you want to understand the deep connection between the study of physics and ethics. If that is something Daniel wishes to explore, I’ll happily extend to him an invitation to visit Kishkumen’s special topics seminar this fall, you’ll find it in the course catalog called “The Therapeutics of Stoicism”. I’m sure the Right Reverend would be delighted by his attendance.
Regardless, the sages transtulerunt from politics to cognito rerum because that type of otium is so peaceful and pleasant it draws people away from their own communities. Mere prudentia pales in comparison with a properly understood Ciceronian sapientia and it echoes in his choice of language when he offers a denouncement of frivolous pursuit of topics than is really necessary; “plura quam erat necesse”.
Tully offers us an embarrassment riches that I could invoke a nearly endless parade of texts on this topic, but I’ll restrict myself to just one more: De officiis Book I sec43.
It takes a nimble mind to pit learning against sociability, but it rings true does it not? Taking my wits for a walk and mulling over Cantor’s continuum hypothesis can be done in isolation and such an activity isn’t all that far from what Cicero accuses the sages of in Book III of ‘De oratore’. What is the real value of such mental labors if I have nobody to share them with? A simple glance at the scientific literature on the deleterious impact isolation has on mental health buttresses Cicero’s point to make it unassailable.De officiis wrote:In my opinion the duties derived from the relations of society have a closer adaptation to nature than those which are derived from knowledge, as may be established by this argument, — that should such a life fall to the lot of a wise man that in the full abundance of all things and in entire leisure he could consider and contemplate within his own mind whatever is worth knowing, yet, were his solitude such that he could never see a human face, he would rather die.
This is such a great passage; Cicero takes the understanding of wisdom (sapientia) as knowledge of things mortal and divine, which is something commonly attributed to practitioners of Stoicism and recasts the Stoic trope to not only include sociability, but frames the fellowship between mortal and divine as the focal point.De officiis wrote:Then, too, the chief of all the virtues, that wisdom which the Greeks term σοϕίαν/sophian (for prudence, which the Greeks call ϕρόνησιν/phronesin, has another, narrower meaning, namely, the knowledge of things to be sought and shunned), — the wisdom which I have designated as chief of the virtues is the knowledge of things divine and human, which comprises the mutual fellowship and communion of gods and men.
Daniel is a Latter Day Saint, not bound by the strictures of Christian orthodoxy and its various creeds and professions of faith. My hope is that Cicero’s paganism isn’t an affront to his theological sensibilities and that he might immediately recognize this entire post can be easily accommodated by his Church and can be neatly folded into his own Apologetics.De officiis wrote:But if wisdom is the greatest of the virtues, as it undoubtedly is, it follows of necessity that the duty derived from this fellowship and communion is the greatest of duties. Moreover, the knowledge and contemplation of nature are somehow defective and imperfect, unless they lead to some result in action; and this appropriate action is best recognized in care for the well-being of mankind.
Might I be so bold as to suggest that Daniel set aside the stale apologetics of the Evangelicals and Romanists in favor of picking up a work of more substance to blog about.
AD FONTES!
Amen.
